Apa Itu Solar Dan Lunar Eclipse?

¡Alerta de trivia de Space Place! – Si bien nosotros lo llamamos eclipse solar, los astrónomos lo denominan una ocultación, La ocultación se produce cuando un objeto tapa la vista de otro objeto. En este caso, la luna tapa al sol y no te deja verlo.” clicked=”0″>eclipse solar se produce cuando la luna se interpone en el camino de la luz del sol y proyecta su sombra en la Tierra. Eso significa que durante el día, la luna se mueve por delante del sol y se pone oscuro. ¿No es extraño que se ponga todo oscuro en pleno día? Este eclipse total se produce aproximadamente cada año y medio en algún lugar de la Tierra. Un eclipse parcial, cuando la luna no recubre por completo al sol, se produce al menos dos veces por año, en algún lugar de la Tierra. Nota: Este diagrama no está a escala real. En esta imagen, la luna está cubriendo al sol en pleno día. Este eclipse total de sol se pudo ver desde el extremo norte de Australia, el 13 de noviembre de 2012. Esta imagen es cortesía de Romeo Durscher. Pero no todos podemos ver todos los eclipses solares.

Tener la oportunidad de contemplar un eclipse total de sol no es frecuente. La sombra de la luna sobre la Tierra no es muy grande, por eso se puede ver desde unos pocos lugares de la Tierra. Tienes que estar en el lado soleado del planeta cuando este sucede. También tienes que estar en la trayectoria de la sombra lunar.

En promedio, se puede ver un eclipse solar desde un mismo lugar de la Tierra solo durante unos minutos, cada 375 años aproximadamente. ¡Cuidado! ¡Nunca mires directamente hacia el Sol, ni por un segundo! ¡Puedes dañar tu vista para siempre! Para ver un eclipse solar, utiliza gafas especiales para ver el sol.

Puedes conseguirlas en una tienda de cámaras o en Internet. Las gafas para soldar también pueden servir. LOS ANTEOJOS DE SOL NO SIRVEN, INCLUSO SI TE PONES MUCHOS JUNTOS. Durante un eclipse lunar, la Tierra impide que la luz del sol llegue hasta la luna. Eso quiere decir que a la noche, la luna llena desaparece por completo, a medida que la sombra de la Tierra la cubre.

La luna también puede parecer de un color rojizo, debido a que la atmósfera terrestre absorbe los demás colores mientras se dobla algo de luz solar hacia la luna. Los atardeceres obtienen su color rojo y anaranjado debido a la forma en la que la luz del sol se dobla cuando atraviesa la atmósfera y absorbe otros colores. Nota: Este diagrama no está a escala real. La luna se ve de color anaranjado-rojizo en el eclipse lunar del 27 de octubre de 2004. Seguramente te estarás preguntando por qué es que no tenemos un eclipse lunar todos los meses ya que la luna orbita la Tierra. Es cierto que la luna da vueltas alrededor de la Tierra todos los meses, pero no siempre se interpone en la sombra de la Tierra. En este diagrama, puedes ver que la órbita de la luna alrededor del sol se encuentra inclinada. Es por esto que no tenemos un eclipse lunar todos los meses. Este diagrama no está a escala real: la luna está mucho más lejos de la Tierra de lo que se ve aquí.

El eclipse lunar es un acontecimiento especial, ya que no ocurre todos los meses. A diferencia del eclipse solar, muchas personas pueden ver todos los eclipses lunares. Podrás ver el eclipse si vives en la mitad de la Tierra en la que es de noche mientras este se produce. Es muy fácil confundir estos dos tipos de eclipses.

Una forma fácil de recordar la diferencia es mediante el nombre. El nombre te dice qué es lo que se pone oscuro cuando ocurre el eclipse. En un eclipse solar, el sol se pone más oscuro, En un eclipse lunar, la luna se pone más oscura,
Gerhana Bulan – Lunar eclipse terjadi ketika bayangan bumi menutupi sebagian atau keseluruhan bulan. Gerhana ini terjadi pada waktu bulan purnama. Amati gambar di bawah. Ketika umbra bumi akan meutupi bulan (bulan masuk ke dalam umbra bumi), maka akan terjadi gerhana. Jadi jika pada suatu malam sobat melihat terjadi gerhana bulan total sejatinya peristiwa tersebut adalah rangkaian dari berbaggai gerhana bulan berikut.1. Bulan Purnama 2. Gerhana Bulan Penumbra 3. Gerhana Bulan Sebagian 4. Gerhana Bulan Total 5. Gerhana Bulan Sebagian 6. Gerhana Bulan Penumbra 7. Bulan Purnama

What are the conditions for a lunar eclipse to occur?

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DATE	ECLIPSE TYPE	GREATEST ECLIPSE CENTRAL DURATION	FRACTION OF SUN’S DIAMETER OBSCURED BY THE MOON	LOCATIONS OF GREATEST SOLAR OBSCURATION
07/02/2019	Total	4 min 33 sec	1.046	South Pacific, southern South America
12/26/2019	Annular	3 min 39 sec	0.970	Saudi Arabia, southern India, Sumatra, Borneo
06/21/2020	Annular	0 min 38 sec	0.994	Central Africa, south Asia, China, west Pacific
12/14/2020	Total	2 min 10 sec	1.025	South Pacific, southern South America, south Atlantic
06/10/2021	Annular	3 min 51 sec	0.943	Northeast Canada, northwest Greenland, Arctic, northeast Russia
12/04/2021	Total	1 min 54 sec	1.037	Antarctica
04/20/2023	Hybrid	1 min 16 sec	1.013	Far southern Indian Ocean, Indonesia, south Pacific
10/14/2023	Annular	5 min 17 sec	0.952	Oregon to Texas, to Central America and northern South America
**04/08/2024**	Total	4 min 28 sec	1.057	Northern Mexico, Texas to New England, north Atlantic
10/02/2024	Annular	7 min 25 sec	0.933	Southeast Pacific, far southern South America
02/17/2026	Annular	2 min 20 sec	0.963	Antarctica
08/12/2026	Total	2 min 18 sec	1.039	Arctic, eastern Greenland, Iceland, northern Spain
02/06/2027	Annular	7 min 51 sec	0.928	South Pacific, southern Chile, southern Argentina, south Atlantic
08/02/2027	Total	6 min 23 sec	1.079	Central Atlantic, Mediterranean region, Egypt, Red Sea area

Eclipse predictions courtesy of Fred Espenak, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, ** Eclipse Visible in United States A Lunar eclipse occurs when the Sun casts Earth’s shadow onto the Moon. For this to happen, the Earth must be physically between the Sun and Moon with all three bodies lying on the same plane of orbit.

• A lunar eclipse can only occur during a Full Moon and when the Moon passes through all or a portion of Earth’s shadow.
• The outer portion of the shadow cast from Earth is known as the penumbral shadow, which is an area where Earth obstructs only a part of the Sun’s light from reaching the Moon.
• The umbral shadow is the “inner” shadow, which is the area where Earth blocks all direct sunlight from reaching the Moon.

A penumbral lunar eclipse is subtle and very difficult to observe. A partial lunar eclipse is when a portion of the Moon passes through the Earth’s umbral shadow. Finally, a total lunar eclipse is when the entire Moon passes into the Earth’s umbral shadow.

1. During a total lunar eclipse, the sequence of eclipses are penumbral, partial, total, partial and back to penumbral.
2. Unlike solar eclipses, a total lunar eclipse lasts a few hours, with totality itself usually averaging anywhere from about 30 minutes to over an hour.
3. This is due to the large relative size of Earth over the Moon (the Moon’s diameter is only about 2150 miles), therefore casting a large umbral shadow on the Moon.

In addition, lunar eclipses are more frequent than their solar counterparts. There are zero to three lunar eclipses per year (although possibly not all at the same location on Earth) where the Moon passes through at least a portion of the Earth’s umbral shadow (producing a partial to total eclipse).

• As stated above in the solar eclipse explanation, the Moon’s orbit is tilted 5 degrees from Earth’s orbit.
• For an eclipse to occur, the Moon and Earth have to be on the same orbital plane with the Sun, so the Earth’s shadow can be cast onto the Moon from the Sun.
• This is why lunar eclipses only occur on average one or two times a year instead of every month.

Even though the Moon is immersed in the Earth’s umbral shadow, indirect sunlight will still reach the Moon thus illuminating it slightly. This is because indirect sunlight reaches the Moon and also the Earth’s atmosphere will bend a very small portion of sunlight onto the Moon’s surface.

Many times during lunar totality, the color of the Moon will take on a dark red hue or brown/orange color. As sunlight passes through Earth’s atmosphere, the blue-light is scattered out. The amount of illumination of the Moon will vary depending on how much dust is in the Earth’s atmosphere. The more dust present in the atmosphere, the less illuminated the Moon will be.

Lunar eclipses are safe to be viewed by the naked eye, through binoculars or a telescope. Below is a table which shows partial and total lunar eclipses visible in the United States,

DATE OF GREATEST ECLIPSE IN CENTRAL TIME ZONE	OVERALL ECLIPSE DURATION	TOTALITY ECLIPSE DURATION	TIME OF GREATEST ECLIPSE	FRACTION OF MOON’S DIAMETER OBSCURED BY EARTH’S UMBRA	NOTES INVOLVING ECLIPSE
01/20/2019	3 hrs 17 min	1 hr 02 min	11:12 PM CST	1.195	Eclipse Visible for all U.S.
05/26/2021	3 hrs 7 min	0 hrs 15 min	6:19 AM CDT	1.010	Eclipse ongoing at Sunrise/Moonset
11/19/2021	3 hrs 28 min		3:03 AM CST	0.974	Partial Eclipse ( but near total) Visible for all U.S.
05/15/2022	3 hrs 27 min	1 hr 25 min	11:11 PM CDT	1.414	Except for Far Pacific NW, Eclipse Visible for all U.S.
11/08/2022	3 hrs 40 min	1 hr 25 min	4:59 AM CST	1.359	Eclipse ongoing at Moonset for East Coast, otherwise All Eclipse Visible
09/17/2024	1 hr 03 min		9:44 PM CDT	0.085	Partial Eclipse, very little of Moon obscured
03/14/2025	3 hrs 38 min	1 hr 05 min	1:59 AM CDT	1.178	All Eclipse Visible for U.S.
03/03/2026	3 hrs 27 min	0 hrs 58 min	5:34 AM CST	1.151	Eclipse ongoing at Moonset/Sunrise for eastern U.S.
08/27/2026	3 hrs 18 min		11:13PM CDT	0.930	Partial Eclipse (but near total), Visible for all U.S.
01/11/2028	0 hrs 56 min		10:13 PM CST	0.066	Partial Eclipse, very little of Moon obscured
06/25/2029	3 hrs 40 min	1 hr 42 min	10:22 PM CDT	1.844	Eclipse ongoing at Moonrise for western U.S.
12/20/2029	3 hrs 33 min	00 hr 54 min	4:42 PM CST	1.117	Eclipse ongoing at Moonrise

Eclipse predictions courtesy of Fred Espenak, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, : Solar and Lunar Eclipses

What are the two types of lunar eclipses?

There are two kinds of lunar eclipses: A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon and Sun are on opposite sides of Earth. A partial lunar eclipse happens when only part of Earth’s shadow covers the Moon. During some stages of a lunar eclipse, the Moon can appear reddish.

What phase of the Moon does a solar eclipse occur?

Solar Eclipses – Solar eclipses happen only at the new moon phase, when the Moon is between Earth and the Sun. During a solar eclipse, the Moon casts a shadow on Earth, and blocks or partially blocks our view of the Sun. Though solar eclipses happen as often as lunar eclipses, they are visible from such a small area of Earth each time that it’s much rarer to encounter one.

• During a solar eclipse, the Moon’s shadow on Earth’s surface is only about 300 miles (480 km) wide.
• The shadow consists of two parts, the umbra, where the Sun is completely blocked, and the penumbra, where the Sun is partially obscured.
• People in the umbra will see a total eclipse, while people in the penumbra will see a partial eclipse.

Though the shadow is narrow and the total eclipse lasts for only minutes, our planet rotates fast enough to bring the shadow a third of the way around Earth’s surface before the Moon moves out of alignment with the Sun. That we often get such impressive solar eclipses on Earth is a lucky chance of nature.

• The Sun is vastly larger than the Moon ― it’s diameter is about 400 times the Moon’s.
• But the Moon is roughly 400 times closer to Earth.
• This makes it possible for the Moon to almost perfectly block out the Sun when everything aligns.
• This state of affairs won’t last forever.
• The Moon started its existence much closer to Earth, and has been slowly drifting outward at the rate of about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) per year.

Once it makes it past 14,600 miles (23,500 km), it’ll appear too small from Earth to cover the Sun. But don’t panic if you haven’t seen an eclipse yet ― you’ve got another 600-million-plus years before that border is breached. In the meantime, you can get a preview during an annular eclipse, when the Sun, Moon and Earth align but the Moon’s orbit places it too far away from Earth to entirely block the disk of the Sun.

What is the rarest type of solar eclipse?

Solar and Lunar Eclipses A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, casting the Moon’s shadow on Earth. A solar eclipse can only happen during a New Moon. The Moon’s orbit is titled 5 degrees to Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

Therefore a solar eclipse is a relatively rare phenomena and a Total or Annular eclipse even more rare, with the Hybrid eclipse the rarest of all. To understand the difference between a Total and Annular eclipse of the Sun, it must be understood that the Moon has an elliptical orbit around Earth. In fact, the Moon’s distance from Earth varies from a minimum of 221,000 to a maximum of 252,000 miles.

Therefore the Moon’s apparent size in our sky will vary by 13%, When the Moon’s orbit is toward its minimum distance from Earth, the Moon will appear visually as a larger disk than the Sun. If an eclipse occurs during this time, it will be a Total solar eclipse because the Moon has totally obscured the Sun’s disk, producing the beautiful solar corona ejecting outward from the Sun.

One important element to remember though is that the Moon’s shadow will obviously become narrower as it is cast from the Moon to Earth (in a shape of a cone with the wide end being at the Moon and the narrow end on Earth). Therefore the path of totality on Earth is narrow. It is also very short-lived as the Moon is moving quickly away from its perfect location of being situated between the Sun and Earth.

An Annular solar eclipse is different than Totality in that it occurs when the Moon is closer to its maximum distance from Earth in its orbit. If an eclipse happens during this situation, the Moon will appear visually smaller than the Sun and its shadow cast will not be long enough to reach Earth.

What reaches Earth is the antumbral or “negative” shadow. If you are within the antumbral shadow, you will see a solar eclipse where a thin ring or annulus of bright sunlight surrounds the Moon. Therefore Annular solar eclipses are still spectacular in that they are almost Total, but the solar corona is not seen due to the brightness of the annulus.

Like a Total eclipse, the Annular solar eclipse will have a narrow path on Earth with short duration, most often less than 10 minutes. A Hybrid eclipse is especially rare in that an Annular eclipse can change to a Total eclipse, or vice versa, along the eclipse path.

Due to Earth’s curvature, Earth may move through the Antumbral shadow (Annular eclipse) and Umbral shadow (Total eclipse) along different points of the eclipse path. DO NOT observe a solar eclipse with the naked eye. Serious eye damage can result. Use approved solar filters or cut a pin hole in a shoe box and watch the Sun’s light cast through the pin hole onto a smooth surface such as cardboard.

The only portion of a solar eclipse which is safe to view without filters is the brief time during totality. Otherwise all partial solar eclipses need approved filters. For approved filters, look for a certification of International Standard ISO 12312-2,